SS321 vs SS304: What Are the Differences?

Author by:Maijin Metal - CNC Machining Parts Manufacturer & Supplier In China

Stainless steel is a popular material for many different applications, thanks to its durability and resistance to corrosion. There are many different types of stainless steel, each with its own unique properties and uses. Two of the most commonly used types of stainless steel are SS321 and SS304. While they may seem similar at first glance, there are some key differences between the two that make them better suited for different applications.

Composition

When comparing SS321 and SS304, one of the first things to consider is their composition. SS321 is a variation of SS304, with the main difference being the addition of titanium. This addition of titanium gives SS321 a higher resistance to intergranular corrosion, making it more suitable for high-temperature applications. On the other hand, SS304 contains a lower percentage of carbon and is more resistant to corrosion in general. This makes it a better choice for applications where exposure to harsh chemicals or acidic environments is a concern.

Strength and Durability

In terms of strength and durability, both SS321 and SS304 are highly durable materials that can withstand a great deal of wear and tear. However, SS321 is known to have higher tensile and creep strength at elevated temperatures, which makes it a better choice for applications where the material will be exposed to high temperatures on a regular basis. On the other hand, SS304 is known for its excellent formability and weldability, making it a more versatile option for a wide range of applications.

Corrosion Resistance

One of the main reasons stainless steel is such a popular material is its resistance to corrosion. Both SS321 and SS304 are highly corrosion-resistant, but they do have some differences in this regard. SS321 is known for its superior resistance to intergranular corrosion, which makes it a great choice for applications where the material will be exposed to high temperatures for extended periods. On the other hand, SS304 is better suited for applications where exposure to harsh chemicals or acidic environments is a concern, as it offers better overall corrosion resistance in these conditions.

Heat Resistance

When it comes to heat resistance, SS321 is the clear winner. Thanks to the addition of titanium, SS321 is better able to withstand high temperatures without losing its strength or corrosion resistance. This makes it a better choice for applications such as exhaust systems, high-temperature chemical processing, and thermal processing equipment. SS304, while still capable of withstanding high temperatures, is not as well-suited for prolonged exposure to extreme heat as SS321.

Cost and Availability

Finally, cost and availability are important factors to consider when choosing between SS321 and SS304. SS304 is generally more widely available and less expensive than SS321, making it a more cost-effective option for many applications. On the other hand, SS321 is more specialized and may be more difficult to find and more expensive. However, the higher cost of SS321 may be justified in applications where its superior heat resistance and corrosion resistance are necessary.

In conclusion, both SS321 and SS304 are excellent choices for a wide range of applications, but they each have their own unique properties that make them better suited for different uses. SS321 is known for its superior heat resistance and resistance to intergranular corrosion, making it a great choice for high-temperature applications. On the other hand, SS304 is more versatile and cost-effective, making it a better choice for applications where exposure to harsh chemicals or acidic environments is a concern. Ultimately, the best choice between the two will depend on the specific requirements of the application at hand.